Session SFEL « Les lipides laitiers et leurs effets sur la santé », Congrès virtuel de l’ISSFAL, 11 Mai 2021

En Mai 2021, la SFEL a organisé une session scientifique sur les lipides laitiers et leurs effets sur la santé humaine qui s’est déroulée dans le cadre du congrès virtuel de l’ISSFAL. Cette session a pu avoir lieu grâce à l’aide du « Board » de l'ISSFAL et de nos 2 sponsors, le CNIEL (Centre National Interprofessionnel de l'Economie Laitière) et le groupe coopératif laitier français SODIAAL. Elle a été organisée et animée par 3 membres du bureau de la SFEL, Bernadette Delplanque, Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal et Philippe Guesnet, et a suivi la conférence CHEVREUL du Professeur Robert Gibson (Australie)

En préambule, les données scientifiques actuelles indiquent que la consommation régulière de produits laitiers gras pourrait avoir des effets bénéfiques sur le métabolisme des lipides et ses complications, sur l'inflammation chronique mais également sur le statut corporel en acide docosahexaénoïque (DHA) chez le nourrisson allaité avec un lait contenant des matières grasses laitières. Mais au-delà de la composition très spécifique en acides gras des lipides laitiers (acides gras à chaîne moyenne, isomères monoinsaturés trans spécifiques), la structure du globule lipidique et d'autres lipides comme les lipides polaires (phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyéline et gangliosides) pourraient avoir des effets sur la santé humaine. Le principal objectif de cette session a donc été d'illustrer l'impact nutritionnel des lipides polaires et de la membrane des globules gras du lait à partir de 3 conférences présentées par Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal (INRAE Montpellier, revue sur les lipides polaires du lait), Marie-Caroline Michalsky (INRAE Lyon, Impact des sphingolipides du lait sur le métabolisme lipidique et la santé intestinale), et Marion Lemaire (SODIAAL, composés laitiers et programmation).

Les résumés des conférences apparaissent à la fin de cette page et les vidéos des conférences sont accessibles à partir des liens suivants :

- Introduction de la session        Cliquez ici pour visualiser la vidéo  

- Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal “An overview of milk polar lipids physicochemical attributes and nutritional interest”    Cliquez ici pour visualiser la vidéo

- Caroline Michalsky “Milk sphingolipids: towards joint effects on lipid metabolism, intestinal health and gut microbiota”      Cliquez ici pour visualiser la vidéo

- Marion Lemaire “Impact of dairy components addition on metabolic and microbiota programming: where do we stand?”     Cliquez ici pour visualiser la vidéo

- Discussion et conclusions          Cliquez ici pour visualiser la vidéo

 

Dairy polar lipids - an overview of their nutritional value and interest for human nutrition

Claire Bourlieu1,2*, Philippe Guesnet2, Jeanne Kergomard1,3, Véronique Vié3, Olivia Ménard4, Didier Dupont4, Bernadette Delplanque2

1UMR 1208 IATE, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France; 2SFEL, French Society for the Study of Lipids, Paris, France; 3IPR Institute of Physics, Rennes University 1, Rennes, France; 4UMR 1253 STLO, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France; 

*claire.bourlieu-lacanal@inrae.fr

The diverse polar lipids found in the milk fat globule membrane have been the subject of numerous studies demonstrating their nutritional interest for the general population or for certain targets with specific needs (seniors, infants, sportsmen and women, etc.). These polar lipids are concentrated in certain dairy co-products (buttermilk or butterserum for example) but are also dispersed in other dairy products. The bioactivity of the different components of dairy polar lipids (anticholesterolemic effect of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, antiviral effects and regulation of the microbiota induced by gangliosides, memory improvement effect or cognitive function of phosphatidylserine, etc...) will be presented and discussed in the light of the recent bibliography.

 

Milk sphingolipids: towards joint effects on lipid metabolism,
intestinal health and gut microbiota

 Marie-Caroline MICHALSKI

CarMeN laboratory, INRAE UMR 1397, Inserm U1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes

This presentation will focus on recent preclinical and clinical studies highlighting that polar lipids of the milk fat globule membrane, including sphingolipids, beneficially impact lipid metabolism and metabolic disease risk. We will highlight possible mechanisms, such as those related to the impact of milk lipids in the gut. This includes residues of sphingolipids, which can reach the colon and exert effects of physiological interest notably by interacting with the gut microbiota and contributing to gut barrier function. Buttermilk, a dairy product poor in triacylglycerols but particularly rich in polar lipids including sphingolipids, could thereby be an asset ingredient for human nutrition.

 

Impact of dairy components addition on metabolic and microbiota programming: where do we stand?

Marion LEMAIRE, Isabelle Le Huërou-Luron, and Sophie BLAT

Institut NuMeCan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St-Gilles, France

Early nutrition is essential to ensure optimal infant growth and development, especially regarding the digestive functions, which are immature at birth. While human milk is recognized as the gold standard for infant nutrition, a large proportion of infants are formula-fed. Despite obvious improvements over the past 50 years, infant formulas remain perfectible to better approach the physiologic effects of breast milk. In addition, according to the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), early life environment may have long-lasting effects on health. Gut microbiota has recently been identified as a potential key actor of such an imprint and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with an increased susceptibility to metabolic disorders. The objective of our study was to compare the digestion of infant formulas containing dairy lipids in the presence or absence of probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf) to a reference formula containing only plant lipids, and to evaluate their metabolic impact in infant formula-fed piglets. In addition, the long-term consequences in adulthood on gut microbiota, host entero-insular axis and metabolism were investigated in a diet-induced overweight Yucatan minipig model to reveal a potential latent programming effect induced by the infant formula composition. Our results demonstrated that the addition of dairy lipids and Lf in infant formula modulated protein and lipid digestion, with beneficial, though moderate, physiological effects in infants. Our study also highlighted a programming effect of the infant formula composition, i.e. the fat matrix and the addition of probiotic Lf, on gut microbiota composition and metabolism.  A beneficial programming effect of dairy lipids in presence of Lf was also evidenced on the entero-insular axis function in adults, suggesting that the addition of dairy lipids and Lf in infant formulas may represent an efficient way to better approach the long-term physiological effects of breast milk.